Yes, but not to any precision.
... a photonic 'fingerprint'. The picture of a star's spectral lines is its photo-spectrograph.
A spectrograph tells us which colors (wavelengths of light) are in a luminous source.
Astronomers study the spectrum of light emitted by a star to learn about its characteristics. By analyzing the composition of elements, temperature, and density of a star, astronomers can determine its size, age, brightness, and life cycle stage.
A spectrograph breaks down the light from stars into its component colors or wavelengths. Each chemical element absorbs and emits light at specific wavelengths, creating a unique fingerprint called a spectral line. By analyzing the spectral lines in a star's light, scientists can determine its chemical composition.
By analyzing the proportions of hydrogen and helium in a star, and comparing the mass of the star to other stars, it's possible to calculate the approximate age of a star, but probably not to within 10%. A lot of it is guesswork.
You can tell by which stage it is in. (white dwarf, for instance)
They use a spectrograph to pass light through a prism to break it the light waves into its constituent colors. Then by looking at what colors are missing they can determine both the temperature and composition of the star.
because they want to
An electromagnetic apparatus for separating isotopes of uranium and other elements according to their masses, using the principle of the mass spectrograph. It lost me at 'mass spectrograph'.
A spectrograph can do that.
The detector in a spectrograph that records spectral lines photographically is a photographic plate or film. This photographic medium captures the light from the spectral lines dispersed by the spectrograph, allowing them to be recorded for analysis and interpretation.
A spectroscope is used to diffuse the light from a star into its spectrum, so that astronomers can analyze the elements that make up the star. The same sort of instrument can be used to analyze the elemental composition of ANYTHING; for terrestrial uses, the instrument is called a spectroGRAPH.