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Which stage of meiosis causes Down syndrome?
Mistakes in meiosis may cause Down syndrome. The error happens when the chromosomes segregate into the gametes. The egg or sperm may have too many or too few chromosomes. Down syndrome has an extra chromosome in the 21st pair.
When chromosome pair fail to separate properly during meiosis the error is called?
Nondisjunction.
How can an error in meiosis can cause abnormalities?
Errors in meiosis, such as non-disjunction, can lead to abnormalities by causing an unequal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter cells. This can result in conditions like Down syndrome, where there is an extra copy of chromosome 21. Another example is Turner syndrome, which arises from the absence of one X chromosome in females due to non-disjunction.
What is trisomy mutation?
A trisomy is when a person has 3 versions of a chromosome. 'Normal' humans will only have 2 of each chromosome. For example, having 3 versions of chromosome 21 is known as Trisomy 21 or Down Syndrome.
Which parent is responsible for the genetic error in Turner syndrome?
A Greek study from 1999 reported that the intact X-chromosome was as likely to come from the mother as from the father. This means that there is no parental pattern of responsibility for the missing or defective X-chromosome.
What is the cause of xyy syndrome and genetics?
XYY syndrome is caused by an extra Y chromosome in males. This condition typically occurs due to a random error in cell division during either the formation of the sperm or the egg. It is not inherited and does not have a clear genetic cause.
What are 4 types of chromosome structural changes?
The four types of alterations of chromosome structure are deletion, duplication, inversion, and reciprocal translocation. Deletion is the loss of one or more nucleotides from a gene by mutation; the loss of a fragment of a chromosome. Duplication is repition of a part of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment froma homologous chromosome. Duplication can result from an error in meiosis or from mutagenesis. Inversion is a change in a chromosomeresulting from reattachment of a chromosome fragment to the original chromosome, but in a reverse direction. Mutagens and errors during mesosis can cause inversions. Translocation is the attachment of a chromosomal fragment to a nonhomologous chromosome.
What is nondisjunction and why is it harmful?
Nondisjunction is the failure of a homolog to separate during meiosis causing trisomy (an extra chromosome) or monosomy (a missing chromosome), it can be harmful because it is a mutation that can cause many devastating disease, for example nondisjunction of the 21st chromosome causes down syndrome, another example of nondisjunction being harmful, is nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes, causing Turner's or Klinefelter's syndrome two very devastating diseases.
What is the failure of chromosome pairs to separate properly during meiosis?
The failure of chromosome pairs to separate properly during meiosis is called nondisjunction. This can lead to an incorrect number of chromosomes in the resulting gametes, causing aneuploidy in the offspring. Aneuploidy can result in genetic disorders such as Down syndrome.
What would cause the error message bad or missing operating system at boot up?
Missing or corrupt boot sector
How could a zygote be produced with an XYY karyotype?
An XYY zygote can be formed if a pair of sex chromosomes fails to separate during meiosis, so the gamete formed has both the X and Y chromosomes. This gamete would then meet the other gamete from the other cell that would contain a Y sex chromosome. The resulting zygote that is formed would have XYY sex chromosomes. This abnormalty where there is an extra chromosome or is missing a chromosome is called nondisjunction.
Why do geneticists suspect that the extra chromosome seen in down syndrome usually comes from the egg rather than the sperm?
Geneticists suspect that the extra chromosome seen in Down syndrome usually comes from the egg rather than the sperm because women are born with all the eggs they will ever have, and the risk of an error during egg development increases with maternal age. Sperm, on the other hand, are constantly being produced, so the likelihood of an error leading to an extra chromosome is lower.
