Yes, a simple majority is enough to pass an ordinary bill. However, especially in the Senate, the minority can filibuster against a bill. meaning they engage in an endless debate, thereby preventing the bill from coming up to a vote. In order to cut off debate and force a vote, a 3/5 vote is required by Senate rules.
Yes
Both the Senate and the House
House of Representatives
A bill that originated in the Senate goes to the House of Representatives only if the Senate passes it.
(in the US) The legislative branch(Congress/House & Senate) passes laws, but they have to be approved by The President. The president can veto it, but the House & Senate have the power to override the veto if two-thirds approve it.Added: (in the US) It is the same for the individual states, except it is the state's Governor, who signs them into law or vetoes them.
The bill goes to the house of representatives
From the resources I can locate - this bill is still in Senate committee.
It is then sent to the Senate for their consideration, unless the bill has already been passed by the Senate, in which case, it is sent to the President.
The president.
Congress is the secondary body that passes laws in the US republic. This is with both chambers of the House and the Senate, with the House having to pass first.
When the House of Representatives passes a bill and sends it to the Senate, it then waits until the Senate decides to consider it, which can be anything from immediately to never.
Most bills start in committees. A bill that passes committee is then voted on in the full house or senate. A bill must pass the house and the senate, and then it goes to the president.