Yes.
Threre is no minimum passport validity for EU citizens travelling to other EU countries.
Yes
Yes, and Jamaica doesn't require Brits to get a visa.
If you are a Philippine Passport holder then Yes, you can travel with less that 5 months in it since you are a Filipino citizen by law. But if you are a foreign passport holder you must have atleast 6 months of validity in it.
It is possible but the bearer of the passport may face difficulties upon arrival (e.g. questionings at the passport control). You may also require a passport that is at least valid for 6 months in order to apply for ESTA (which you should if you haven't done it before).
Simply yes!
It may be possible but there is a possibility of questionings at the airport on your arrival. Countries normally ask foreign visitors to make sure their passport has a validity of at least six months on the day they arrive. So, for your own peace of mind, it is much better if you apply for a new passport.
five months probably ;five weeks not so sure
no
less than 6 months
Yes, it is good until it expires.
Philippine passport holder 5 months validity going back to Philippines ?
The passport should be valid for more than six months.