Emerald is a mineral. Specifically, it is a variant of the mineral known as beryl.
Emeralds are not actually rocks, but minerals of the beryl family that have gemstone qualities.
Emeralds have a hardness of around 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale, so minerals with a higher hardness like corundum (9) and diamond (10) can scratch emeralds. Minerals with a lower hardness, such as quartz (7) and feldspar (6), would not be able to scratch an emerald.
Malachite is also green.
Emeralds are essentially just gem quality beryl's. Another sort of beryl used in jewelry and by gem collectors is aquamarine. Emeralds also fit the criteria of minerals, being inorganic, solid, crystalline, naturally occurring, and having a well defined chemical composition.
Kimberley is renowned for diamonds, but there are gold and emeralds there too.
Quite possibly lots of rubies,emeralds, diamonds and gold.
Emeralds are compound of Boron, Aluminum and silicate. They are far less tougher than diamonds. Measured on mosh scale of hardness for minerals emeralds value is less than 8.0. On the same scale hardness of diamonds is 10.00
Opals, rubies, emeralds, diamonds, and sapphires are all minerals. In fact, all gems are minerals with the exception of pearls, which have a biological origin.
Emeralds are a variety of the mineral beryl colored green by trace amounts of chromium and sometimes vanadium.
Emeralds, and their close cousins, beryl, and sapphire, are silicate minerals, with the different colours caused by trace minerals such as iron or copper in the mineral. They form from solution, and indeed these appropriate conditions are found in mountain building systems - particularly those formed from sediments. (Rubies are aluminum oxide, with trace contaminants. )
Quartz is more common than emeralds. Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals on Earth, found in a variety of locations across the globe. Emeralds, on the other hand, are much rarer and tend to be found in select regions with specific geological conditions conducive to their formation.
India mines a number of minerals and metals including Manganese, bauxite, uranium, limestone, marble, coal, gems, mica, and graphite. They also mine emeralds and many other minerals.