That information IS available - it is up to the individual employer how much of an "in-depth" background they wish to do.
Exactly how charges are defined varies with the state where the charge is brought. In some states, there is no distinction between criminal and traffic misdemeanors, and in others there is.
It depends. The answer is too broad to answer well. If you have felonies on your record, you can only get a permit if you have had your rights restored. If it is misdemeanors, it depends on the state you are in.
Employers pay a percentage of the first $8000 of an employee's pay. The percentage is based on the company's claims record and on the state's record of employment, depending on the unemployment rate. The state tends to run out of money when unemployment is high and so the federal government forces the state to pay a surcharge.
it depends on the state, but most misdemeanors can be expunged from your record three years after the sentence is carried out. you will have to go back to court to have this done.
It would depend on the misdemeanors in question, and how long ago they occurred. By and large the police are more concerned with felonies you were found guilty of rather than misdemeanors. However, New York is a notoriously difficult state to deal with where firearms are concerned misdemeanors or not.
The real problem faced is this: since the search, even if illegal, is not carried out by the police, any inculpatory evidence found will not be subject to exclusionary rule.
Misdemeanors can show up on background checks for varying lengths of time, depending on the state laws and the severity of the offense. Employers typically look at the past 7-10 years of a candidate's criminal history. It's essential to be honest about any misdemeanors when asked during the application process.
You could petition the state to expunge your record of the offense - kind of lengthy and a little costly. Other than that - if a potential employer wants to use it as a reason for not hiring you -if it was a minor misdemeanor - it will become less and less relevant as time goes on - but the reality of the matter is (unless expunged) it is a permanent record.
Unclear as to what is being asked. If you are charged with DUI there will be a record of it on your state drivers license records. ALL states share their DMV files - you cannot simply go to another state and apply for a new license.
The Statute of Limitations for misdemeanors in Texas is two years. This does not include any time the accused is absent from the state.
Usually the lowest level court of original jurisdiction which are known by different designations in different states (e.g.: Circuit Court - Superior Court - etc.)
Extradition is not typical for misdemeanors, but if Tennessee wants you to serve time in the Volunteer State they will probably try to have you extradited. The laws from state to state are very similar. So they can have you extradited, but it may not be worth it to them to do so.