Metallic Hydrogen is thought to exist in the core of Jupiter and Saturn,
so yes.
Only one electron exist.
Hydrogen can exist as a positively charged ion (H+) when it loses its electron, or as a neutral atom with no net charge when it has one electron and one proton.
Hydrogen is diatomic. This means that it prefers to form H2. That being said, hydrogen can exist as an H+ ion. These will usually sit in interstitial sites of a crystal lattice. So to answer the question, no, I do not believe an H atom will be found in a solid with its electron attached.
Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, and all the noble gases exist as a gas at standard temperature and pressure.
Yes, hydrogen can exist in a solid state under specific conditions of very low temperature and high pressure.
Yes, chemical similarities exist between hydrogen and alkali metals; also the electron configuration has a parallel.
Hydrogen can exist in different states of matter depending on the temperature and pressure. At room temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a gas. At very low temperatures, it can become a liquid or a solid.
Hydrogen can exist in different states of matter depending on the temperature and pressure. At room temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a gas. However, at very low temperatures, hydrogen can become a liquid, and at extremely high pressures, it can solidify into a metallic state.
Elemental Hydrogen is a diatomic element. At STP (standard temperature and pressure) the stable form of the element is for two atoms to be bonded together. In Hydrogen's case, each atom of Hydrogen brings one electron. These two electrons are shared, forming a covalent bond. This sharing of each of the atom's electrons is a more stable state than that of having only a single electron. Stable states are thermodynamically preferable. Electrons travel around atoms in orbitals. Each orbital has two electrons. For Hydrogen, having the 1s orbital filled with it's original electron and the electron shared from the other atom is more stable. In atoms above Helium, the octet rule prevails.
No, helium exists as He, with a single electron in its outer shell. The H2 molecule refers to two hydrogen atoms bonded together.
Hydrogen is an element. It can exist as a gas, as molecules of H2, but also as compounds, like water, H2O.
This largely depends on the pressure and temperature that the Hydrogen Sulfide is at. However, at room temperature hydrogen sulfide is a gas. At normal pressure it condenses to liquid at -60 °C (boiling point) and solidifies at -80 °C (melting point).