Yes, in an emergency ocean water can be used to cool nuclear power plants. It would only be used as a last ditch backup measure because seawater is corrosive and prevents the reactor from being used again.
One single tablespoon of regular tap water would typically pollute nuclear reactor rod pure water coolant beyond usability.
Nuclear power plants need to be near an ocean, a major river, or a lake, because they need a source of cooling water. This cooling water is used to condense steam back to water to continue the nuclear steam supply cycle, and to remove residual heat from the power plant.
Most ocean water usage is for cooling in power plants, desalination for drinking water, and industrial processes like manufacturing and mining.
Basically, nuclear power plants use the heat from a nuclear fission reaction to boil water The steaming water then turns a turbine that generates electricity.
They say it is getting better and may be okay with in the next two weeks and they still are trying to push ocean water on the nuclear rods. (hope this helped)
Nuclear power plants contribute to thermal pollution by releasing heated water back into the environment after being used to cool their systems. This heated water can raise the temperature of the receiving water body, which can disrupt aquatic ecosystems and harm aquatic life.
Nuclear power plants require huge amounts of water for cooling, a resource not available in large quantities in most deserts. However, your question is not completely true as there are nuclear power plants in the desert. Palo Verde in Arizona is an example.
Nuclear power plants need a source of cooling. Water is the usual source of cooling, and lots of it, making a desert location unrealistic.
For the cooling system of the power plant
Power plants that burn fossil fuels and nuclear power plants are very similar in their manner of creating steam. The main difference between the two types of power plants are that fossil fuel plants emit more pollution.
Nuclear power plants and coal power plants are similar in that they both generate electricity by heating water to produce steam, which drives turbines to generate power. However, they differ in the source of heat used - nuclear plants use uranium fuel rods while coal plants burn coal. Both types of plants produce waste that can harm the environment, such as air pollution and water contamination.
All nuclear power plants (Australian or otherwise) need to be located near a source of cooling water. That means being near a river or lake or sea.
The negative effects of nuclear power plants on sea life is very limited as the sea water used for cooling is fully separated from the nuclear fuel. In addition, the regulations require that the sea water temperature rise due to its use for nuclear plants cooling should exceed 5 degrees centigrade. Many swimming beaches are located close to the nuclear power plants sites.