The actual thickness of ice that any modern U.S. Submarine can successfully surface through is classified, but 3 inches is nothing. It's like a Whale surfacing through a wet piece of paper.
If you look at my Supervisor Bio page, you'll see a picture from my North Pole surfacing onboard USS RAY in 1986. The ice thickness there was only 6", and thinner in some areas.
Submarines are designed with enough ballast and control systems to allow them to submerge and surface as needed.Surface ships are designed only with enough ballast and control systems to keep them on the surface. While they can sink just as well as submarines can, their ability to re-surface without a salvage operation is non-existent.
Modern submarines are designed to go much faster submerged. This design also limits their surface speed capability. WW1 and WW2 submarines were not considered true submersibles by today's standards. They were essentially surface vessels that had the capability of limited submerged operations. As such, their design and propulsion made them faster on the surface and much slower underwater. Modern submarines are true submersibles in that their only limitation is that of their crews.
Venus is the only planet orbiting the sun with a thick, hot armosphere and a rocky surface.
Surface area is squared. Only volume is cubed.
Curved surface area includes the area of the length of the cylinder only whereas surface area includes the two bases as well...
Surface area is all the areas for a 3 figure. Area is for only on side of a 3d figure
No, they are two different things. Area encompasses the total object while Surface Area only encompasses what it implies. For instance, if you had a box, the Area would be the total size of the box, while Surface Area would only indicate the size of the top of the box. no. area is Lenth times width and surface area is what the area of the whole object.
The marines do not use submarines. Only the Navy does.
A sphere has only a surface area and no lateral area since it has no base. The surface area is 4(pi)r2.
H zone
The only real major disadvantage is the need to resupply the crew. Unlike surface vessels, which can replenish at sea while underway, submarines must return to port to resupply.Other than that, submarines have the advantage.
Venus is a solid planet, only the surface is thick with gasses.