No, in order to download apps to your TI-83, you need a cable that connects your calculator and the computer, or a cable to connect to another TI-83.
I wonder if you are asking to download anything without using internet. How could it be possible. Its not at all possible to download without active internet.
Yes, you can still download apps and music on itunes OR You could go onto Cydia and download some stuff (Installous=Free apps and dTunes=Free music
No because you have to have an account in order to download apps
Yes, it doesn't matter what iTunes software you have, you can still download apps from it to download to the iPod Touch.
No you can download apps without jailbreak, but you will be able to download apps that have been disapproved by apple if you have jailbreak.
no
No, you must have an apple ID.
No
Yes
you cant
Download installous on iPhone (In the IPhone Store)
You can download Halo Zero from http://games2bee.webs.com/apps/blog/.....