no but in heartgold soulsilver you can if its in front of your party
poke deck?
with a poke ball
use poke balls on it
you get them at a pokemart or you can get other types if you go to kurt the pokeball creator
it is a machine that can help u find Pokemon in the wild lik bagon in Pokemon platnium
its a blue shop where you can buy ethers and poke balls all sorts of stuff its blue and has a poke ball on top you cant find it on victoryer road or where your mom is.
You can find plenty of shards buried underground (talk to the Underground Man in Eterna City to get the Explorer Kit) and in random places in the poke item balls around the region.
You buy them in the Pokemon markets.
Use poke balls
Infinite
A lot.
You can't, you can only use poke transfer to transfer up generations not down.