Yes/ Put the Latin words in italics.
Manihot esculenta
You could probably use the word for monkey in general: Simia-simiae
Betta splendens
Actually, you can use "etc." The official APA style blog wrote a post about using Latin abbreviations. "Etc" does not need to be spelled out. Put a comma before if used to end a list of at least two other items.
pohon kayu bayam
No, brackets are not used in APA when omitting the beginning words from a quote. The beginning words can simply be omitted without the need for brackets. However, if you are omitting words from the middle or end of a quote, then you would use brackets to indicate the omission.
The words apa artinya mulut are Indonesian. These words translate into the English language as what it means to mouth.
aq aja mw tanya...
Latin
The language of the Roman Empire is called Latin. There are many words of Latin that are still in use. Stadium, bonus, magnum are examples. Also bear in mind, many words of English are derived from Latin even if they are not actually Latin.
Many words used in law, medicine, science and theology are Latin.
Chemical symbols are derived from Latin words for the chemicals.