The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung founded analytic psychology at the turn of the last century. This discipline emphasizes the value of one's creative forces and one's development toward wholeness.
Jung's contributions include: a theory of the structure and dynamics of the psyche, both conscious and unconscious, and of the way the unconscious manifests itself in dreams; a theory of personality types which has gained broad acceptance; a thorough study of the purposive nature of individual psychological development, as articulated in his concept of the "individuation" process; and a description of the universal images (archetypes) deriving from the deepest layers of the psyche, the collective unconscious.
This concept of the collective unconscious gives analytical psychology its unique dimension of meaning in comparison with other traditions of psychotherapy. It moves the practice of psychotherapy from a focus on psychopathology and its symptoms to a consideration of the meaning and purpose of these symptoms when understood symbolically, by placing them in the larger context of the evolution of the human psyche in all its imaginative and cultural manifestations.
In his effort to understand and engage the whole person, Jung viewed his analytical psychology as a therapy which releases creativity and promotes individual psychological development. Thus, far from being just another theory, Jungian psychology embraces the universe in all its manifestations: art, history, myth, philosophy, and spirituality are all essential components of Jung's worldview.
Jung's psychology is compatible with a religious attitude toward life and recognizes humankind's religious instinct. At the same time, it is just as compatible with a secular perspective and fosters the individual's appreciation of one's own creativity and sense of responsibility toward the world.
Carl Jung contributed profiles of personality types that categorized people on three levels:
1) How our energy flows: Extrovert vs. Introvert
2) How we acquire information: Sensing vs. Intuitive
3) How we make decisions: Thinking vs. Feeling
With this he defined 8 personality types:
1) Extroverted thinking
2) Extroverted feeling
3) Introverted thinking
4) Introverted feeling
5) Extroverted sensing
6) Extroverted Intuitive
7) Introverted sensing
8) Introverted Intuitive
Hope this helps!
Carl Jung's contributions to the study of personality include the concepts of introversion and extraversion, archetypes, and the collective unconscious. Jung's work has had a significant impact on psychology, particularly in the field of personality theory, influencing developments such as the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.
Carl Jung's autobiography, "Memories, Dreams, Reflections," was first published posthumously in 1963. It was compiled from his conversations with Aniela Jaffe and provides insights into his personal and professional life.
Carl Rogers suggested that the central feature of personality is the self-concept, which includes our thoughts, feelings, and beliefs about ourselves. Rogers believed that our self-concept is influenced by how we perceive others' evaluations of us.
Carl Jung developed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality test, which is based on his theories of psychological types and cognitive functions.
Carl Jung defined the public self as the persona, which is the social mask we wear in our interactions with others. It is a projection of how we want to be seen by society, and may not fully reflect our true self or unconscious aspects. Jung believed that integrating the persona with our deeper unconscious aspects is important for psychological health.
Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler are well-known figures associated with the psychodynamic approach. Freud is considered the founder of psychoanalysis, while Jung and Adler also made significant contributions to the development of psychodynamic theory.
Carl Jung had a very unusual childhood. His mother was a bit of a psychic and medium--he used to see very strange goings-on when he was young because of her involvement with the spirit world. She thought she had two personalities, and probably because of her example he also developed a second personality.
Carl Jung's autobiography, "Memories, Dreams, Reflections," was first published posthumously in 1963. It was compiled from his conversations with Aniela Jaffe and provides insights into his personal and professional life.
universal themes in literature.--and... meaningfulness of symbols everywhere, from literature, movies and individual dreams.
Carl W. Ramfalk has written: 'DSO-theory, studies in personality' -- subject(s): Mathematical models, Personality and culture, Adaptability (Psychology)
the first study the taxonomy is CARL LINNEUS
Carl Rogers made contributions to the humanistic curriculum design. This is based on the principles of humanistic psychology. He thought that the curriculum should empower students. Teachers were to place importance on students' opinions and feelings.
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He studied with Carl Czerny.
Carl D. Myers has written: 'A study of modern communes'
Carl Newton Rexroad has written: 'General psychology for college students' -- subject(s): Behaviorism (Psychology) 'Psychology and personality development' -- subject(s): Applied Psychology, Personality, Psychology
Carl Erik Alexander Bovallius has written: 'Contributions to a monograph of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea' -- subject(s): Hyperiidae, Hyperiidea
Carl Jung received the honorary doctorate from Harvard University in 1936. He was also awarded the Goethe Prize for his contributions to German literature and psychology.