It's an indicator.
The chemical that changes color in acids and bases is called an indicator. Common indicators include litmus, phenolphthalein, and bromothymol blue. These substances change color in response to pH changes in a solution.
acids-magenta bases-green
litmus
If you want the general term, it's "indicator". If you want a specific one ... methyl red, litmus, or bromothymol blue are some examples (there are lots of others).
A chemical compound that converts strong acids or bases into weak acids or bases is called a buffer. Buffers help to stabilize the pH of a solution by absorbing excess hydrogen or hydroxide ions, thereby minimizing changes in pH when strong acids or bases are added.
Color changes from dark brown to a lighter yellowish brown, sometimes rather orange.
A buffer solution is a solution that resists changes in pH when limited amounts of acids or bases are added. Buffers are typically composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid) which can react with added acids or bases to maintain a relatively constant pH.
Buffers.
In a chemical equation, weak acids and weak bases are usually recognizable by their incomplete dissociation or ionization in water, resulting in equilibrium reactions. Weak acids yield fewer hydrogen ions (H+) and weak bases yield fewer hydroxide ions (OH-) compared to strong acids and bases. This characteristic distinguishes them from strong acids and bases, which dissociate completely in water.
TURE
bases as in chemical acids or bases bases soap, any kind of detergent, etc.
Acids and bases are the two classes of chemicals involved in a neutralization reaction. Acids donate protons (H+) while bases accept protons, resulting in the formation of water and a salt.