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The effects of parasympathetic nervous system on the GI tract includes:

  • Increased motility (peristalsis)
  • More rapid gastric emptying
  • Relaxation of pyloric sphincter
Cholinergic agents used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux includes:
  • Bethanechol - this is a longer acting form of acetylcholine, acts as a general cholinergic.
  • Metoclopramide* - its effects are mainly seen on upper GI motility. Increases gastric emptying and increases tone of lower esophageal sphincter.
Metoclopramide* works by displaying anti-dopaminergic activity, which may not be a mechanism for decreasing emptying time of the stomach. But it appears to promote acetylcholine release or improve receptiveness of muscarinic receptors in the GI tract to acetylcholine. Metoclopramide also enhances motility of GI smooth muscle and decreases emptying time of the stomach. The side effects of metaclopramide are dopamine related CNS side effects: Extrapyramidal symptoms, anxiety, depression, drowsiness, dizziness, etc.
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metoclopramide

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Q: Cholinergic drugs for acid reflux
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What is cholinergic and anti cholinergic drugs?

Cholinergic drugs are used for urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, glaucoma. Cholinergic drugs act like the neurotransmitter ACh (acetylcholine). Anti Cholinergic (also called Cholinergic blocking) drugs block the action of the ACh. Anti Cholinergic drugs are used foe pylorospasm & peptic ulcers, bladder overactivity, parkinson's disease


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Which is not an action of cholinergic drugs?

Dilation of the pupils (Mydriasis)


What is the medical abbreviation meaning acid reflux?

GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) is the abbreviation meaning acid reflux.


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Cholinergic drugs should be avoided when the patient has any sort of obstruction in the urinary or digestive tracts, such a a tumor, or severe inflammation which is causing blockage.


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