In the Atlantic About 80 km ESE of New York
No such city, it would be near the North Pole! Did you mean '40 degrees north of the equator'? If you mean 73 W 40 N that chart position is in the Atlantic about 80 km ESE of New York
If you meant Greenwich, the city. It is located in the UK. There is no 8th Greenwich. The Prime Meridian passes through Greenwich in London which is zero degrees, from which longitude is measured. Using degrees, and sub units of degrees, you can measure east and west of this meridian. In combination with latitude, measured from the equator using the same units, you can pinpoint any location on the globe.
The latitude of a city on the equator is 0 degrees.
Atlanta is in the northern hemisphere, north of the equator, and it is in the western hemisphere, to the west of the Greenwich Meridian and to the east of 180 degrees longitude (the International Date Line).
Italy is not a city, it is a country. The Capital, Rome is 41.5 degrees North of the Equator
They are equally close to the equator.
15.5 degrees north
The 0 degrees longitude line is known as the Greenwich Meridian. From its name, it originated in Greenwich, a district in East London.
The closest Asian capital city to the equator and 100 degrees longitude is Jakarta, Indonesia.
The city you are searching for is Greenwich England. It is the reference for the 0 or "Prime" Meridian used in Navigation. Today Greenwich is part of London.
A city located at 120 degrees E is next to the east of the Prime Meridian but not necessarily next to the Equator. The Equator is at 0 degrees latitude, so the city's latitude would determine if it is close to the Equator.
30 degrees north because 30 degrees is closer to the equator so it makes it warmer.