"Continuo" or "basso continuo" is a group of instruments that provide harmonisation, usually with bass-sounded instruments, combining and merge notes and phrases with main melodies by soloists and/or group or orchestra. Fugue is a style (type) of composition by which a musical phrase, theme or idea is played by some instrument(s) and are repeated by others but in different time, this is, one follows other, but always keeping good harmony; it undoubtedly is a very difficult way of composing.
A fugue starts with a distinct melody, and often other voices join in with the same melody at different times. This melody stays prevalent throughout the piece as the main theme that is repeated many times. A continuo is defined by a continuous, repetitive bass line that keeps the rhythm in a piece. It falls in with the chord progression and stays mostly in the background, as opposed to the melody, which is strongly featured. In a jazz ensemble, the bass player often plays a continuo, while the keyboardist keeps the chords and the singer (or other lead instrumentalist) produces the melody.
Basso continuo
The Fugue
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Basso continuo
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The recurring theme of the piece. It can be presented with different tempos or keys.
A fugue in music is a complex composition where a main theme, called the subject, is introduced and then repeated and developed by different voices or instruments. The structure of a fugue typically includes an exposition where the subject is presented, followed by episodes where the subject is varied and explored in different ways. The fugue then builds to a climax before resolving back to the original subject.
A polyphonic composition based on one main theme or subject is called a fugue. In a fugue, the main theme, known as the subject, is introduced and then imitated by different voices or instruments in a contrapuntal manner. This creates a complex and intricate musical texture.
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Basso continuo - The basso continuo, used throughout baroque music, is a technique by which a harmonic foundation lends support to a melodic line that carries the main melodies of a composition.
The main theme of a fugue is called the "subject." It is the main melodic idea that is introduced at the beginning of the piece and is then developed and imitated throughout the composition.