Gram-positive pleomorphic rods, Inhabits soil, water and surface of plants
There are two groups of organisms that are capable of thriving in an environment without oxygen. Facultative Anaerobes Anaerobes Facultative means with or without.
most of them are facultative anaerobes. oxygen is not pioson for them. M. pneumoniae is aerobe. there are also some strict anaerobes in bovine rumen.
* 1.) Obligate Anaerobes (can live only oxygen-free environment)* 2.) Facultative Anaerobes (can live oxygen including environment, but makes anaerobic fermentation)
Capable of switching to fermentation
Aerobes require oxygen for growth and metabolism, while facultative anaerobes can switch between aerobic respiration in the presence of oxygen and fermentation in the absence of oxygen. Facultative anaerobes have the flexibility to thrive in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments.
Facultative anaerobes does not need o2 to grow but can also grow with o2. Obligate anaerobe cannot grow at all in the presence of o2.
An example of an organism that can survive with or without oxygen is a facultative anaerobe like the bacterium E. coli. Facultative anaerobes can switch between aerobic respiration in the presence of oxygen and fermentation in the absence of oxygen to generate energy. This flexibility allows them to adapt to varying environmental conditions.
Obligate aerobes + facultative anaerobes 2) Gram + rods 3) Bacillus anthracis - anthrax
Aerotolerant anaerobes can survive in the presence of oxygen but do not use it for metabolism, while facultative anaerobes can switch between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism depending on oxygen availability. Aerotolerant anaerobes typically ferment sugars, whereas facultative anaerobes can perform both aerobic respiration and fermentation.
Can live with our without oxygen, preferentially use aerobic respiration. -> Can use fermentation as alternative in absence of oxygen
aerobes are those which require free molecular oxygen about 21% in air while facultative anaerobes can survive in both conditions presence and absence of oxygen
An anaerobe is an organism that thrives in an environment without oxygen. Facultative anaerobes prefer an oxygen-free environment but can survive in the presence of oxygen. Obligate anaerobes are destroyed by oxygen and cannot survive if it is present in their environment.