Sure
could not own land.
In many historical contexts, particularly in feudal societies, the nobility or aristocracy was often the only group that could own land and participate in government. This exclusive privilege was typically based on birthright, wealth, and social status. In contrast, commoners or lower classes generally lacked these rights and were often subject to the authority of the landowning class.
Yes a woman could own land in the 20th century.
Could not own land.
No, they were slaves and slaves don't own land.
Most Inca's were commoners, who worked as farmers and herders. They practiced slavery, but had their own sense on how to do it. Most of the people belonged to commoners. Commoners would as farmers and herders.
Sheiks
Yes they could. In fact the rich plebeians were bankers, moneylenders, merchants and investors in shipping mining. The plebeians were the commoners and not all of them were poor.
If you own land, you work for yourself and you can lease the land to tenants. If you don't own the land, you work for the people who do own the land. Land ownership is important to everyone who wants to be their own boss.
The most basic social division in Aztec society was that between nobles (Nahuatl pīpiltin) and commoners (Nahuatl mācehualtin). Nobles held a large number of privileges not shared by the commoners most importantly the right to receive tribute from commoners on their land. Commoners on the other hand were free to own and cultivate land and to manage their own possessions, while still completing the services required by their lords and their calpolli, such as tribute payment and military service. Mobility between the two social layers was difficult, but in practice both the commoner and noble groups were structured into finer hierarchies and a high degree of social mobility was possible within a given layer. For example the pochtecah long distance traders were considered commoners, but at the same time held a number of privileges comparable to those of the lesser nobility.
No.
They could not vote or own there own land. They also could not run for president or office.