no of course not
No. Out in the moon sky, you can't see any rings.
In the same way we see brightness from the Moon as a result of the Sun shining on it, you would see brightness on the Earth from the Moon when the Sun is shining on it. You would not be able to see normal lights, like street lights, from the Moon.
The moon we see doesn't, but all of Jupiter's moons do. (About 50)
Terrestrial, we put astronauts on the moon in 1969. It is covered in a thick layer of powdery dust, if you could go up there today you would still see the astronauts footprints because of the lack of wind.
Yes there is. If there was not light on the moon we wouldn't be able to see it.
you see a eclipse
It think you mean IO (eye-Oh but in Europe Eee-O) which is a moon of Jupiter. See related question
Callisto with a semi major axis of 1,882,700 km. See related question.
You can see Jupiter's moons any night whenever you can see Jupiter, with the possible exception of times when the Moon is close to it. Just now (2014) Jupiter is mostly visible in midwinter.
The bright object you see directly above the moon tonight could likely be the planet Jupiter, as it is currently visible in the night sky and is one of the brightest celestial objects. Jupiter is known for its brightness and can often be seen near the moon in the night sky.
The fourth biggest moon in our Solar System is Io a moon of Jupiter. See related question.
Jupiter is significantly larger than Earth, with a diameter approximately 11 times that of Earth. To put it in context, about 1,300 Earths could fit inside Jupiter. Jupiter's larger size contributes to its immense gravity and strong magnetic field.