Yes, you can live in Antarctica if you are hired by a government to perform work on the continent.
You can also 'stay' in Antarctica if you fund your own expedition.
Tourists to Antarctica 'stay' aboard the cruise ships that take them there. This is allowed by the Antarctic Treaty.
Tourists who visit Antarctica by ship stay on board the ship. There are no commercial accommodations anywhere on the Antarctic continent.
Just about any climate. You could be at the center of Antarctica, the center of Brazil, the center of the United States, and so on.
Byrd established bases on Antarctica and they were all named Little America.
wear lots of warm clothes
12 hours
1 second and then there out of there!
People who live in Antarctica temporarily -- because they work for governments in support of science -- can live there all year and stay alive.
This duration of visit may be available from a tour provider. Otherwise, if you want to 'stay in Antarctica' for 10-20 days, you could mount an expedition of that duration and pay it. The total expense depends on your point of origin and your destination on the continent. There are no commercial enterprises on the Antarctic continent.
You could say that Antarctica is on the southern side -- of earth, that is.
You could row in the seas around Antarctica, but you'd probably freeze to death.
Thats not how you spell MAWSON!