Umbra.
The lighter-colored region around the dark center of a sunspot is called the penumbra. It consists of less dense magnetic field lines compared to the umbra, which is the darkest part of the sunspot.
Penumbra
It is not actually dark, it is just dark in comparison to the rest of the Sun's photosphere. This is because the magnetic fields/flux associated with the sunspot inhibit convection and therefore reduce the amount of heat rising from below where they are present.
The lighter colored region around the dark center of a hotspot is known as the "umbra." It is the innermost and darkest part of a sunspot or the dark central region of a volcanic hotspot.
The center portion of a sunspot is called the umbra. It is the darkest part of the sunspot where the magnetic field is strongest and the temperature is cooler than the surrounding areas.
umbra
a sunspot
sunspot
The cooler dark spots on the sun are called sunspots.
A "sunspot."
You should never look directly at the Sun to try to see a sunspot, as they are not as dark as they look in photographs. The magnetic disturbance that causes a sunspot will seldom occur in the same location twice.
Well, a sunspot is not really dark but it is at a lower temperature than the surrounding gases on the surface of the Sun. So it only looks dark by contrast with the area round it.