adaptive radiation
Galapagos animals are different from others in the world because they evolved with time according to the environment of these islands. This is why most of the wildlife in Galapagos is endemic (unique to these Islands)
The ancestor or ancestors of the finches on the Galapagos Islands arrived there most likely by being carried by the wind from the mainland of South America or Central America. These ancestors were of one species which evolved over time into 13 different species endemic to the Galapagos.
Darwin concluded that organisms on the Galapagos Islands had evolved (changed gradually over time).
All of the subspecies of the Galápagos tortoise are believed to have evolved from one common ancestor that arrived on the Galápagos Islands and started colonizing. Only one breeding pair or a single pregnant female tortoise would have had to made it ashore and survived in order to populate the islands. Scientists say this happened some 6-12 million years ago, when geochelone chilensis, the closest relative to the Galápagos tortoise, had evolved and split the genus even further, creating a new set of subspecies.
they all evolved from one finch by natural selection.
The Finch and the Giant Tortoise on the Galapagos islands.
Adaptive radiation
The Galapagos islands were formed by volcanic explosions. Animals had to travel over 1000km to inhabit the islands, so individual species evolved independently of one another on separate islands. This created the unique situation that allowed Charles Darwin to develop his theory of natural selection by observing the development of species on the islands. The best way to visit these historic islands is to fly into Quito, Ecuador and to travel to the islands by boat.
Apes and humans share a common ancestor that lived around 10-20 million years ago. This common ancestor gave rise to both the ape and human evolutionary lines. So, apes did not evolve from humans, but rather both humans and apes evolved from a common ancestor.
Darwin was able to observe how a few basic creatures evolved and specialized in different roles.
Darwin was able to observe how a few basic creatures evolved and specialized in different roles.
These special Birds called "Darwin's or Galapagos Finches" have special adaptations to various habitats were important evidence considered by Charles Darwin in formulating the theory of evolution; they are a striking example of adaptive radiation. They evolved because of their surroundings, the beaks their ancestors had couldn't function properly on the island.