The atmosphere is a chaotic mixture of gases and vapours. The turbulences in the atmosphere distort the paths of light-rays falling on the Earth from distant celestial objects, thereby distorting the images they form in telescopes.
To compensate, the more advanced modern telescopes use lasers to measure the current distortion in the atmosphere directly in the path of the telescope, and use those measurements to change the shape of the mirror in the telescope from millisecond to millisecond, thereby cancelling much of those distortions.
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Astronomers use a brightish star close to what they are observing to measure the amount of blurring due tot he atmospheric conditions. This information is applied to the object they are observing and tends to minimise the atmospheric disturbances. Of course, all this is done with computers. It is very expensive and is only used with the biggest telescopes such as Chile's VLT (Very Large Telescope) at the European Southern Observatory.
It uses lasers or sunlight or in some circumstances moonlight. That causing reflection.
the effects of atmospheric turbulance
Adaptive optics which change the shape of large mirrors during observation have helped to reduce atmospheric distortion.
Astronomers have several reasons to send telescopes into space, including: * The atmosphere makes stars look blurry. the simple answer is the atmosphere. The layers of air in the atmosphere may seem clear but contribute to a fuzzy picture in space. To avoid this they send telescopes into space where nothing is in between the telescope and the observed object. One reason for sending telescopes into space is so that people can get a better look at the stars the second reason for this is so that scientist can discover more about stars. * The atmosphere completely blocks some kinds of light -- in particular, ultraviolet and far-infrared light. On earth, spectrometers using this kind of light tell us a lot about local materials. To get the same information about stars and planets, we need to put the spectrometer outside the veil of the atmosphere. People who are not astronomers have other reasons to send telescopes into space, including * Telescopes on "weather satellites" and "spy satellites" pointed at earth can get photos and accurate maps of places and weather that are extremely difficult to get in any other way.
Lower atmospheric ozone is a pollutant for life. It has affected the biosphere as it causes various breathing problems in humans.
Although there are many instruments of significance, the scientific instrument which would have contributed most to the astronomical body of knowledge of objects both in and out of the solar system would be the telescope, dating back to when Galileo looked through one and saw that Jupiter had its own moons in the early 17th century. There are variants from which important data have been acquired, like the radio telescope, the solar telescope, and scopes adapted to x-ray or other frequencies outside the visible range; or using advanced techniques like interferometry to resolve difficult problems. Space-based telescopes have overcome some of the problems caused by atmospheric distortion of ground-based observation.
It does not solve problems the Hubble was just made out of human curioity to explore space and to see what is out there inohter words to explore space to answer our questions.
The atmosphere is a chaotic mixture of gases and vapours. The turbulences in the atmosphere distort the paths of light-rays falling on the Earth from distant celestial objects, thereby distorting the images they form in telescopes.To compensate, the more advanced modern telescopes use lasers to measure the current distortion in the atmosphere directly in the path of the telescope, and use those measurements to change the shape of the mirror in the telescope from millisecond to millisecond, thereby cancelling much of those distortions.
The atmosphere is a chaotic mixture of gases and vapours. The turbulences in the atmosphere distort the paths of light-rays falling on the Earth from distant celestial objects, thereby distorting the images they form in telescopes.To compensate, the more advanced modern telescopes use lasers to measure the current distortion in the atmosphere directly in the path of the telescope, and use those measurements to change the shape of the mirror in the telescope from millisecond to millisecond, thereby cancelling much of those distortions.
Adaptive optics which change the shape of large mirrors during observation have helped to reduce atmospheric distortion.
R. I. Harris has written: 'The random vibration of distributed-parameter mechanical systems with reference to windloading problems' -- subject(s): Distributed parameter systems, Random vibration, Statistical communication theory, Wind-pressure 'The effect of atmospheric turbulence on the dispersion of unguided missiles' -- subject(s): Atmospheric turbulence, Missiles 'A notation for wind-loading research' -- subject(s): Notation, Wind-pressure 'Army foot survey'
A telescope with achromatic lenses.
The telescope helped us by showing us what we can't see with our eyes
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the mirror was not right
yes
when there are problems with the hubble space telescope, astronomers send astronauts to go fix the problem.
Astronomers have several reasons to send telescopes into space, including: * The atmosphere makes stars look blurry. the simple answer is the atmosphere. The layers of air in the atmosphere may seem clear but contribute to a fuzzy picture in space. To avoid this they send telescopes into space where nothing is in between the telescope and the observed object. One reason for sending telescopes into space is so that people can get a better look at the stars the second reason for this is so that scientist can discover more about stars. * The atmosphere completely blocks some kinds of light -- in particular, ultraviolet and far-infrared light. On earth, spectrometers using this kind of light tell us a lot about local materials. To get the same information about stars and planets, we need to put the spectrometer outside the veil of the atmosphere. People who are not astronomers have other reasons to send telescopes into space, including * Telescopes on "weather satellites" and "spy satellites" pointed at earth can get photos and accurate maps of places and weather that are extremely difficult to get in any other way.
launch delays, budget problems and a incorrect mirror