0
Want this question answered?
Be notified when an answer is posted
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
Who discovered the Alpha particles?
The alpha particle was discovered by Ernest Rutherford. For more details see the links below.
What equipment was use to discover the nucleus is dense and the atom is mainly empty space?
This is usually referred to as the 'gold foil' experiment. 1. You need some radiation source that releases alpha particles. This is placed inside a lead box (to block radiation) with a small pin hole to allow the escaping alpha particles to move in one direction. 2. A piece of gold foil, very thin, to be a target for the radiation. 3. A scintillation screen. (phosphorescent screen, that emit a light when struck by the alpha particles) 4. A really dark room to carry out the experiment. 5. Some kind of magnifying device to enable you to see the very weak light when an alpha particle hits the screen. 6. Some way to measure the angles of deflection of all the particles from the screen to the screen.
What technology was available to Thomson that enabled him to make his discovery on atoms?
For what might be his most famous experiment, the refutation of Thomson's 'plum pudding' model, only limited apparatus was used: a source of positively charged alpha particles that would be deflected by atomic nuclei, some thin gold foil, a collimitor to narrow the beam of alpha particles, a zinc sulphide screen to register any alpha particles deflected by nuclei, and a microscope to render flashes on this screen visible to the naked eye. All in a darkened room. The various parts of the apparatus could be moved in an arc relative to one another to verify whether scattering of the alpha particles had occurred. Rutherford didn't like statistics but the results were unequivocal. Please see the link.
Who shot gold with radiation to show atoms are mostly empty space?
The experiment you're asking about was performed by Ernest Rutherford, and it's one of the most important experiments in our quest to understand the nature of atoms. We call this experiment the gold foil experiment. What Rutherford did was shoot alpha particles, which are just charged helium atoms, at thin gold foil. Most of the alpha particles passed right through the gold foil. Some of the particles would deflect by a small angle. Occasionally, though, some of the particles would shoot back at the alpha emitter or off at a sharp angle. Before this experiment one of the more popular atomic models was the "plum pudding" model. This model said that protons and electrons filled up all the space of the atom equally. We know now, and because of this experiment, that protons are located at the very center of an atom and they take up very little space. If the plum pudding model were correct you would expect the particles to all act the same; either all of them would be reflected in the same direction or all of them would pass through. But, if the protons were all tightly packed in the center you would expect most of the alpha particles to pass straight through the gold foil because they are just passing through empty space. Occasionally one might get close and be deflected a little bit. Even more rarely you would expect to see some of the alpha particles shoot right back at you. These are exactly the results you see from the gold foil experiment and they show us that atoms are mostly empty space.
Was Rutherford model of an atom incorrect or Incomplete explain why?
Scientist considered Rutherford's Nuclear model of an atom to be incomplete due to the various reasons: 1) Rutherford told that the electron revolve (around the nucleus) in completely circular orbits. If so the charged electron would lose energy and fall into the nucleus. 2)Rutherford considered the nucleus to consist of only protons. If so according to the newly discovered laws of quantum mechanics the nucleus may split apart in process of gaining and loosing charges; simply put the cycle of attraction and repulsion would stress the atom and make it unstable. 3)Rutherford also did not mention anything about the neutrons which were discovered later.
Who discovered the Alpha particles?
The alpha particle was discovered by Ernest Rutherford. For more details see the links below.
How is the Rutherford Experiment Done?
To do the Rutherford Experiment, you have to shoot alpha particles at gold foil to and see where the particles pass through and where they do not. This will give you a general idea of what Rutherford did to discover the nucleus of an atom. However, alpha particles are very hard to come upon, as they are the nucleus of Carbon. Rutherford knew that alpha particles are about 7000 times more massive than electrons and are positively charged and the charge is twice the magnitude of the charge of electrons.when Rutherford directed a beam of alpha particles at a thin gold foil,he found that almost all particles passed through it without deflecting.A very small were deflected at an angle, however, and a few actually bounded back toward the particle source.
What element does an atom of polonium change into after it emits an alpha particle?
Polonium 210-----------alpha particles-----------Lead 206 Polonium 209-----------alpha particles-----------Lead 205 Polonium 208-----------alpha particles-----------Lead 204 Polonium 214-----------alpha particles-----------Lead 210 Polonium 218-----------alpha particles-----------Lead 214 (99,98 %) Polonium 218-----------beta particles------------Astatin 218 (o,o2 %) For other isotopes see the list at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonium#Isotopes
What are alpha particles used for?
We commonly see an isotope of americium generating alpha particles to ionize air in smoke detectors. A source generates alpha particles to ionize air in industrial settings so that the ionized air will quickly and effectively dissipate static charges. A radio pharmaceutical generates alpha particles, and the unsealed source irradiates tumors in patients that are so implanted. We find alpha particle sources in the physics lab where they are used in experiments and demonstrations. Alpha particles can be accelerated for use as "atomic bullets" in high energy physics research.
What did rutherfords gold-foil experiment tell about the atom?
Rutherford's results indicated that most of the alpha particles went right through the gold atoms without being affected. He had expected this, because he knew there must be relatively large space within atoms. However, he was astonished to see that a few alpha particles rebounded from the foil much as a ball rebounds from a solid wall. Rutherford had discovered the nucleus-the tiny, dense, positively charged centre of the atom. This was a tremendously important discovery.
How would you describe the gold-foil experiment?
Geiger and Marsden, under Rutherford's direction, fired alpha particles at a very thin sheet of gold foil. They used a movable fluorescent screen to determine where the alpha particles went after passing through the foil. The screen emitted tiny flashes of light whenever an alpha particle struck it, so Rutherford and his team could see how the particles were being affected by the atoms they struck. Based on Thomson's model of the atom as a diffuse sphere of intermeshed positive and negative charge, Rutherford expected all of the alpha particles to pass through the gold foil with little or no scattering; indeed, they found that most of the particles passed straight through the foil, as if it weren't even there. In other words, the greatest number of flashes occurred when the screen was held directly behind the gold foil, in the path of the alpha particles. A tiny fraction of the particles, however, were reflected back toward the alpha emitter. From this Rutherford concluded that gold atoms must be mostly empty space, with tiny, dense, positively charged nuclei surrounded by extremely rarefied clouds of negative charge.
What equipment was use to discover the nucleus is dense and the atom is mainly empty space?
This is usually referred to as the 'gold foil' experiment. 1. You need some radiation source that releases alpha particles. This is placed inside a lead box (to block radiation) with a small pin hole to allow the escaping alpha particles to move in one direction. 2. A piece of gold foil, very thin, to be a target for the radiation. 3. A scintillation screen. (phosphorescent screen, that emit a light when struck by the alpha particles) 4. A really dark room to carry out the experiment. 5. Some kind of magnifying device to enable you to see the very weak light when an alpha particle hits the screen. 6. Some way to measure the angles of deflection of all the particles from the screen to the screen.
In Rutherford's gold foil experiment the alpha particles passed through which part of the atom?
positive
What technology was available to Thomson that enabled him to make his discovery on atoms?
For what might be his most famous experiment, the refutation of Thomson's 'plum pudding' model, only limited apparatus was used: a source of positively charged alpha particles that would be deflected by atomic nuclei, some thin gold foil, a collimitor to narrow the beam of alpha particles, a zinc sulphide screen to register any alpha particles deflected by nuclei, and a microscope to render flashes on this screen visible to the naked eye. All in a darkened room. The various parts of the apparatus could be moved in an arc relative to one another to verify whether scattering of the alpha particles had occurred. Rutherford didn't like statistics but the results were unequivocal. Please see the link.
How did Rutherford come to the conclusion that the space occupied by the nucleus is very small and the atom is almost all empty space?
Rutherford came to this conclusion after his Gold-Foil experiment. He found that most of the alpha particales(when released) went straight through the gold foil of which consisted of atoms. In the middle of the atom theres a small nucleus that has mass and positive charge. Because the nucleus is so small the alpha particles were able to go straight through leading to the conclusion that atoms are mostly empty space. so why did he do the gold-foil experiment?
Are microwaves a form of matter?
Microwaves are matter. Everything you can see, touch, smell, hear, or taste w/o the help of instuments are matter. Mcrowaves do emit a small of radioactive particles though, namely alpha. Alpha particles can't even pass through your clothes though and they won't harm you.
Who shot gold with radiation to show atoms are mostly empty space?
The experiment you're asking about was performed by Ernest Rutherford, and it's one of the most important experiments in our quest to understand the nature of atoms. We call this experiment the gold foil experiment. What Rutherford did was shoot alpha particles, which are just charged helium atoms, at thin gold foil. Most of the alpha particles passed right through the gold foil. Some of the particles would deflect by a small angle. Occasionally, though, some of the particles would shoot back at the alpha emitter or off at a sharp angle. Before this experiment one of the more popular atomic models was the "plum pudding" model. This model said that protons and electrons filled up all the space of the atom equally. We know now, and because of this experiment, that protons are located at the very center of an atom and they take up very little space. If the plum pudding model were correct you would expect the particles to all act the same; either all of them would be reflected in the same direction or all of them would pass through. But, if the protons were all tightly packed in the center you would expect most of the alpha particles to pass straight through the gold foil because they are just passing through empty space. Occasionally one might get close and be deflected a little bit. Even more rarely you would expect to see some of the alpha particles shoot right back at you. These are exactly the results you see from the gold foil experiment and they show us that atoms are mostly empty space.
