Did anyone fight against Joseph Stalin's philosophy?

Answer 1

Several people fought against Stalin's many different policies. Leon Trotski fought against Stalin's policy of "socialism in one country" in favor of his own, more Marxian policy of "permanent revolution." (Result: Trotsky exiled then murdered.)

Grigori Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev fought against Stalin's policy creating a strong central government. (Result: Both were arrested and shot.)

Nikolai Bukharin fought against Stalin's policy of eliminating the more well to do peasants (kulaks). (Result: Bukharin was arrested and shot.)

Throughout his control of the USSR, many of his policies, philosophies and actions were questioned and opposed mostly by the former Bolshevik leaders from before the revolution. The end result was usually arrest and execution.