The President
One turkey .
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They give a pardon to a turkey.
The 42nd President, George Hurbert Walker Bush, started this tradition.
President Harry Truman in 1947
who was the president that declared Thanksgiving a holiday
The formation of the Whig Party was primarily driven by the opposition to President Andrew Jackson and his policies, particularly his use of executive power and his handling of the national bank. Supporters of Henry Clay, who was a prominent critic of Jackson, helped establish the Whig Party in the 1830s to offer an alternative to Jacksonian Democrats.
This is a tradition whose origins are very much in doubt. Some sources say that President Abraham Lincoln was the first to "pardon" a turkey-- that is, to not kill and eat it, but rather, to allow it to live on, as a pet or roaming free on a farm. Other sources say it was Harry Truman who first pardoned a turkey, but his own presidential library disputes this. Here is what we do know: sending a Thanksgiving or Christmas turkey to the White House used to be a popular gift, as far back as the 1870s; farmers, as well as members of the public often sent them. But gradually, the custom faded, although some poultry farmers continued to send them well into the 1960s. According to the White House website, it was George H.W. Bush who officially came up with the idea of giving the turkey a formal reprieve in 1989-- several previous presidents, including John F. Kennedy and Gerald Ford, had not ordered their gift turkey killed either, but Bush Sr. decided to make it an annual ritual, sparing a turkey's life each year with a "presidential pardon." (But as some animal rights websites have noted, despite the good intentions, turkeys today are often raised on factory farms and are artificially fattened up to such a degree that they can barely walk. As a result, even the turkeys that are "pardoned" don't live very long.)
The president of the United States of America is the elected official who grants a pardon to one Thanksgiving turkey. It actually is a case of two pardoned turkeys -- an heir and a spare -- in case the first-pardoned bird does not long survive post-White House life as a tourist attraction in Morven Park, Leesburg, Virginia.
The president that had a turkey named jack is Abe Lincoln
Istanbul is a city, not a country. It does not have a president. Istanbul is in Turkey. The president of Turkey is Abdullah Gül.