Which of the many battles did you have in mind?
Not at all. They lost many of the battles, had their navy all but annhiliated and lost the war itself.
Not surprising at all. The Athenian armoured infantry was superior to the Persian infantry. The Greeks attacked the Persians infantry in the absence of their cavalry.
The Persians decided that the Athenian victory would encourage all the Greeks to rise against them, and determined to bring all the Greek cities under control, by agreement or conquest. Some agreed , some resisted and the Persians invaded mainland Greece, culminating in the battles of Salamis, Plataea and Mycale. The Greco-Persians lasted from 499 to 449 BCE.
After the Greeks led by the Spartans defeated the Persian army at the battle of Plateau, the Greeks made an oath to rebuild all the temples destroyed by the Persians. Much of this money went into the Parthenon at Athens.
My guess is that you're talking about the Battle of Thermopylae. The Persians lost about 20,000 men, but there weren't "300 Greeks" ... there were 300 Spartans, in a mixed force totaling around 7,000 Greeks in all. They managed to hold off the Persian army for around a week, including two days of actual fighting.When the (much larger) Persian army found a way around the narrow pass to outflank the Greeks, the Spartan general Leonidas and a force of about 300 Spartans (and around 1200 other Greeks from various cities) remained to hold off the Persians while the bulk of the Greek force escaped to warn the cities of Greece that the Persians had taken the pass and were on their way. This rear guard was essentially annihilated on the third day of fighting. All told, the Greeks lost between 2,000 and 4,000 men in the battle.
This war was faught by the Greeks against the Persian Army because they wanted to conquer Athens and all of Greece. The war a Marathon was under the leadership of General Miltiades, who resisted and won the battle over the Persians. It is 26 miles from Marathon to Athens and thus the beginnings of the real marathons we enjoy today created by the one man who reached Athens stating that the Persian fllet was coming and they fought them back into the sea. Panayiotis Koukoumelis +++
The Battle of Thermopylae and Marathon. The marathon we know today is because the runner from the battle ran all the way back to Athens which was twenty-six miles. These battles were against the Persians though.
The Persians were loading their cavalry on ships to go around and capture Athens in the absence of the Athenian army at Marathon. The Athenians say that the cavalry was not available, so they rand down from the hills and defeated the weak Persian infantry which was unprotected by its cavalry. The Athenians then woke up to where the cavalry was going and ran back to Athens to defend the city - the origin of today's Marathon run.
The persians had pledged their allegiance to their king and obeyed their ruler where the greeks had a democratice government and the people had a say in things.
Today's historians mostly agree on around 10,000 Greeks fighting some 25,000 Persians. Ancient Greek sources multiply the Persian forces by 10, which all through history always has been a favorite trick to make the victory of your own side seem more glorious. But even if we are to believe those much higher estimates, the site of the battle was so marshy that there was simply no room for more than around 15-20,000 Persians to fight the Greeks at the same time during the battle and the rest of the Persians (if there indeed was a rest) would have been forced to only watch from a distance.
The battle was against Persians and all 300 member of the Spartans died fighting. Also, the geographic location may be the same but the remainder was embellished for cinematic effect.
The persion and some of the Greeks escape while groups among the Greeks continuing fighting and all of them died