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The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM IV-4E, 2000) is the best, most authoritative source for an answer. The difference is all down to diagnosed symptoms. Legally, only a medically-qualified, registered psychiatrist can properly diagnose psychiatric symptoms and prescribe treatment/s.

The difference between dysthymia and a major depressive episode is a matter of symptoms, severity/duration of symptoms and expert prognosis re healing including via psychotherapy.

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Q: Difference between Dysthymia and Major Depressive Disorder?
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