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The law of demand states that as prices rise over a period of time, the quantity demanded wil fall.

This is made up of two effects: The Income effect and the Substitution effect.

The income effect states that as prices rise, the purchasing power/ real income of consumers fall.

The substitution effect states that as the price of one good rises, consumers switch to buying cheaper alternatives.

The price elasticity of demand is a measure of the responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price. This indicates, to a certain extent, whether consumer are dependant on that good or not. If the PED is inelastic, people are dependant on that good: they are relatively unresponsive to a change in price. e.g. Petrol. If demand is elastic, there are alternatives readily available in the market. e.g. Cars.

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Q: Difference between law of demand and price elasticity of demand?
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