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The distinction between kernel mode and user mode provides a rudimentary form of protection in the following manner:

Certain instructions could be executed only when the CPU is in kernel mode. Similarly, hardware devices could be accessed only when the program is executing in kernel mode. Control over when interrupts could be enabled or disabled is also possible only when the CPU is in kernel mode. Consequently, the CPU has very limited capability when executing in user mode, thereby enforcing protection of critical resources.

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11y ago
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12y ago

Whenever a trap occurs, the hardware switches from user mode to monitor mode, thus the

operating system gains control of the computer. The dual mode operation provides the means of

protecting the operating system from errant users, by switching between user mode and monitor

mode.

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Q: How does the distinction between monitor mode and user mode function as form of protection system?
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