No
NO
No. Most correctional officers do not carry firearms.
yes
The same authority that enables them to carry firearms.
No, Bureau of Prisons officers are not authorized to carry firearms off duty in New York unless they have a valid concealed carry permit issued by the state of New York. The state's firearms laws apply to both federal and state law enforcement officers.
Some do if they are certified law enfrcement officers.
In the United Kingdom, certain police officers are qualified to carry firearms.
Depends on the regulations where you are. Many Special Police Officers DO have the same authority as city or county police officers, but for specialized areas. Some of them DO carry firearms.
Conservation officers typically carry firearms, pepper spray, batons, and handcuffs as part of their standard equipment. The specific weapons they carry may vary depending on the agency's policies and the level of training provided to the officers.
No. The Homeland Security Act and PATRIOT Act had no effect on off-duty officers and firearms. The Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act, also known as HR 218, was signed into law in 2004. It permits, but does not require, full-time American law enforcement officers in good standing to carry concealed firearms throughout the United States, regardless of their home jurisdiction. Honorably retired officers with 15 years or more of full-time service can also carry their firearms concealed, so long as they pass an annual qualification test and carry proof of such qualification with them.
For the actual answer, you will have to check with the departments in question. In some cases, due to congestion, and extremely close proximity to others, officers do not carry firearms. This is the case with correctional officers working inside prisons.
In most cases, constables look like police officers. They often have the power to arrest but usually do not carry firearms.