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Catholics believe in transubstantiation, that the bread and wine in the Eucharist is not symbolic but Christ's REAL PRESENCE-the body and blood of Christ.
Mexicans
Yes, Catholic tabernacles are locked in order to preserve the safety of the Eucharist inside which Catholics believe to be the Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Jesus Christ.
We Catholics believe that during the Mass the bread and wine change into the body, blood, soul, and divinity of Christ after the words of consecration are said by the priest. This process is called transubstantiation.
It means that, after the words of consecration are pronounced the ENTIRE substance of the bread and wine is gone and Our Blessed Lord, Body and Soul, Humanity and Divinity, is now present in His Risen State. Only the appearance of Bread and Wine remain, the reality is that it is entirely and remains entirely God.
The theological differences between different denominations is great... the meaning probably can be said to be the same. The Eucharist is believed to be the Body of Christ. Theologically the means whereby this comes about is: Catholics believe in transubstantiation Lutherans: consubstantiation Episcopals "transignification"; Calvin... a mystery. For all: "The Body of Christ"
Catholic, I don't think any others do.
Baptism and Eucharist
If by "most forms of Christianity" you mean the form practiced by most Christians, that would be Roman Catholicism, and that makes the sacrament Eucharist. Other Christians, especially Protestants, do not believe in transubstantiation. That is to say, they do not believe that they actually take Christ into the body of the believer.
Catholic AnswerNo, most other churches either do not believe in transubstantiation or do not have valid orders. The few exceptions would be the Orthodox, or schismatic groups such as the Saint Pius X society. In an emergency (I am thinking imminent death here) one might be able to receive the sacraments from them, but you would have to check with your local pastor on that one, and then it would only be if there was no hope of reaching a Catholic priest before death.
The most important difference between Catholicism and Protestantism, although there are many, is the fact that Protestantism does not believe that the Eucharist is the Body, Blood, Soul and Divinity of Jesus Christ, but believes it is only a remembrance.
If by Eucharist you mean the elements distributed by the priest at mass, then no, not all denominations believe it relieves sins.