In some cases yes, the theory is known as "Home rule authority" where local governments can act; within US and State constitutional boundaries, in dealing with matters that are local (and sometimes unique) to that area.
The powers of local governments generally depend on those conferred upon them by higher-level jurisdictions (such as a provincial or state government). For example, the powers of local governments in the Canadian province of British Columbia are as set out in the Municipalities Act of the provincial legislature. Additional powers can be granted with supplementary legislation, such as those granted by the Vancouver Charter for the City of Vancouver (above and beyond those powers already granted to other local governments).
Power is the connection between state powers and state policies.
The local governments only have power over township, municipalities, counties, school districts and special districts. This is called the Dillon's Rule.
In some cases yes, the theory is known as "Home rule authority" where local governments can act; within US and State constitutional boundaries, in dealing with matters that are local (and sometimes unique) to that area.
reserved powers
The state governments was granted six powers. The state powers are: to establish local governments; to regulate commerce within a state; to conduct elections; to ratify amendments to the federal Constitution; to take measures for public health, safety, and morals; and to exert powers the Constitution does not delegate to the national government or prohibit the states from using.
Exclusive powers of state and local governments are often referred to as "reserved powers." These powers are not granted to the federal government by the Constitution and are instead reserved for the states. Examples include regulating education, conducting elections, and establishing local governments. This concept is rooted in the Tenth Amendment, which emphasizes the powers not delegated to the federal government are retained by the states.
Paraphrasing the Constitution " All powers not expressly granted herein shall be reserved for the states."
Law enforcement powers are granted by the constitutions of the individual states. If constables are granted the same powers as police officers are granted by the constitution in your state, then they can call themselves police. You would have to check the state constitution in a specific state to answer this.
All powers not granted to the Federal gov. are granted to the Sattes and the people respectively.
Read the US Constitution . . Powers not specifically granted to the Federal Government are reserved to the States. (paraphrased)
Powers of State are those powers granted to the individual states by the Federal Government. The powers of state cannot override the powers of the Federal Government.