yes
Yes, strong winds often accompany tornadoes, known as the outflow winds or downdrafts. These winds can be felt before the tornado actually touches down, indicating that a tornado may be approaching.
On rare occasions winds in a tornado can get to a little over 300mph.
Air in and near a tornado spirals inward and upward very rapidly. The strong winds can pick up objects to carry with them.
The main part of the circulation of a tornado when the strongest winds occur is called the core.
It depends on the tornado. For most tornadoes the fastest winds occur at the edge of the core. For other tornadoes, especially large and/or strong ones the strongest winds occur in the suction vorticies, which are like mini tornadoes moving within the main circulation of a tornado. Tornadoes with this feature are called multiple vortex or multivortex tornadoes.
It is believed that there is a calm "eye" at the center of a tornado. But mostly the winds in a tornado are very strong.
Very strong rotating winds.
If you mean can a 15-20 mph wind then no. In fact there is strong evidence to support that strong winds from a specific portion of a thunderstorm are what help form a tornado. These winds can exceed 100 mph.
Change in air pressure causes the strong winds. In fact, most winds that we experience on Earth are caused by change in air pressure. Usually significant changes in air pressure occur over a large area and therefore it's only a slow change in pressure over distance making light winds. In a tornado, you get a significant drop in air pressure over just a few feet of land. This causes the winds to get excessivly high.
It depends on the cyclone, and the tornado. In some cases cyclone winds and tornado winds fall into the same range. However, tornado winds are generally stronger. By definition, a tornado must produce winds strong enough to cause damage; the same is not true of a cyclone. The very strongest tornadoes produce winds in excess of 300 mph, the fastest winds on earth.
Severe thunderstorms would probably be the answer. They can produce strong winds in more than one way. First, they can produce winds via a downburst which is a strong downdraft that occurs during a thunderstorm, and the causes strong, straight-line winds that can sometimes exceed 130 mph. In some cases downbursts can occur along a line of severe storms, resulting in a phenomenon called a derecho. Another way thunderstorms can produce strong winds is through a rear-flank downdraft or RFD, a descending mass of dry air associated with the mesocyclone, or rotating updraft, of a supercell. The RFD can produce winds in excess of 100 mph. It is also believed to play an essential role in tornado formation.
Strong tornadoes do not necessarily move faster, but the faster winds inside the tornado are the reason they're stronger. There are a number of factors affecting the strength of the winds inside a tornado and scientists still do not fully understand them. One factor simply has to do with the amount of energy in the atmosphere that can power a thunderstorm and thus a tornado. A thunderstorm also has to have strong rotation to produce a tornado, especially a strong one. If the rotation in a storm isn't strong enough, then not much of the energy will go into the winds of the tornado. Finally, the tornado's level or organization influences the winds it can generate. A disorganized tornado is unlikely to be able to focus its energy to produce the extreme winds seen in strong tornadoes.