Of course, all matter (as far as we know) is made up of molecules and atoms which in turn is made of protons, neutrons, electrons. Even protons and neutrons are made of quarks. Cells are combinations of various elements and the six basic ones are carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus and calcium. These elements are made up of atoms which are made from protons, neutrons and electrons,
larger particles get into a cell using endocytosis/phagocytosis
The cell membrane keeps out unwanted particles from the cell.
cell membrane
When a cell needs to take in a particle larger than the membrane channels can passage, it will invaginate the cell membrane around the particle(s) and pinch off part of the membrane containing the particles inside the cell membrane. This is called phagocytosis (when the particles are primarily solid) or pinocytosis (when the particles are primarily liquid).
The process of bringing large undissolved particles into a cell would be phagocytosis, literally "cell eating." Hope that helps! :)
Yes, oxygen particles would enter a cell through diffusion more readily than fat particles due to their smaller size and higher solubility in the cell membrane. Fat particles are larger and less likely to pass through the cell membrane via simple diffusion.
Not everything, no. It depends on the cell, some cell membranes are permeable to water (called osmosis) but not smaller particles like proteins. Whereas, some are permeable to proteins and other small particles but not to larger particles.
Eventually, the concentration of particles inside and outside the cell will reach a state of equilibrium, where the concentration of particles is equal on both sides of the cell membrane. This process occurs through diffusion, where particles move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. However, if the cell actively transports certain particles, the concentrations may remain unequal, depending on the cell's requirements and the specific substances involved.
The cell with little hair-like structures that wave to move particles is called a ciliated cell. Cilia are hair-like structures that beat in a coordinated manner to help move fluid or particles along the cell's surface.
Digestion in lower animals is _____ which involves food particles directly the cell
large particles or cells are engulfed by the cell plasma membrane
The process by which a stationary cell takes in small particles is called endocytosis. During endocytosis, the cell membrane invaginates to form a vesicle that engulfs the particles and brings them into the cell's interior. This process helps the cell to take in nutrients and other essential molecules from its environment.