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Any transaction that gets reflected on the Balance Sheet will impact both sides of a balance sheet. Balance sheet represents what the company (an entity) owns and owes (to shareholders and debtors).

If a transaction results in increase in assets (what it owns), the funding for it will come from investor and equal amount reflect on fund raised. You should not get confused with situation where both the impacts are on the same side which does not results in change of 'size' of balance sheet. For example you sell an asset for and receive cash. Then asset will go down and cash asset will increase. Both the changes are on the asset side. Another example on liabilities side would be raising equity to payback debt.

Thus moral of the story is that size of the balance sheet is same on both the sides. So a transaction either changes two sub-accounts on assets side/ liabilities side resulting in no change in the balance sheet size or it will affect both the sides equally resulting in balance sheet remaining 'balanced'

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Q: Does a transaction always change both sides of a balance sheet How do yo know?
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