No. Regulation always beats policies.
YES
Yes they can according to: Chapter 15 of Army Regulation 600-85.
Yes. It is an Army uniform. Active, Reserve and Guard comform to uniform policy.
There are actually two National Guards, but when people say the National Guard they are probably (but not necessarily) talking about the Army National Guard. The other National Guard is the Air National Guard which is to the Air Force what the Army National Guard is to the Army.
There is the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard.
No. There is only an Army National Guard and an Air National Guard.
the National Guard and DHS
Very few National Guard units were sent to Vietnam, even though the draft was in effect. This led to the creation of the Total Force Policy, which effectively established the Regular Army, Army Reserve, and Army National Guard as a single, unitary force, and is the reason the deployment of National Guard units has been so widespread in Iraq (both in 1991 and in the current operation) and in Afghanistan.
Yes. Each state has National Guard units.
No the National Guard does not have submarines. The National Guard is primarily a ground fighting organization. The Air National Guard does provide for air support within the US.
The National Guard and Air National Guard can be (and have been) deployed. The Puerto Rico State Guard cannot.
There is a possibility of you being deployed if you join any component or branch of the military. This includes Reserve components, the National Guard, and even the Coast Guard. National Guard and Reserve units have been very active in Desert Storm, Enduring Freedom, and OIF, largely due to the Total Force Policy implemented by General Creighton Abrams, and the Pennsylvania National Guard has seen combat service during this time.