HNO3= nitric acid
50:50 ethyl acetate and petroleum ether gives an rf value of about 0.6.You are supposed to dissolve the compound in any volatile solvent like methylene chloride or acetone.
KOH act as a nucleufeel and react with benzil OH give electrones to benzil and berak the double bond.
No, one is polar, the other is non polar
add water
The order of increasing RF values in TLC is Benzil, methanol anthracene and tryphenyl.
C6 - H5 - CH2 - OH + NaOH = C6 - H5 - CH2 - O- Na+ + H2O
The alcohol is first deprotonated by strong base to generate allxodide ion, which undergo SN2 reaction to the product cyclic ether.
It might be tempting to think Benzil is a polar molecule because of the C=O bonds, but the high level of symmetry in the molecule cancels out any overall dipole and leaves the molecule non-polar.
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My guess is that it is because Dilantin has two benzyl substituents on one carbon, adding steric hindrance. Second, the ring is very electron deficient, and so unstable. Benzil has less steric hindrance and is linear.
http://www.umich.edu/~chem216/216%20S11-Expt%205.pdf