DefinitionDuodenal atresia is a condition in which the first part of the small bowel (the duodenum) has not developed properly. It is not open and cannot allow the passage of stomach contents.Causes, incidence, and risk factorsThe cause of duodenal atresia is unknown, but it is thought to result from problems during an embryo's development in which the duodenum does not normally change from a solid to a tube-like structure.Duodenal atresia is seen in more than 1 in 10,000 live births. Approximately 20-30% of infants with duodenal atresia have Down syndrome. Duodenal atresia is often associated with other birth defects.SymptomsUpper abdominal swelling may or may not be presentEarly vomiting of large amounts, which may be greenish (containing bile)Continued vomiting even when infant has not been fed for several hoursAbsent urination after first few voidingsAbsent bowel movements after first few meconium stoolsSigns and testsA fetal ultrasound may show excessive amounts of amniotic fluid in the womb, a condition called polyhydramnios. It may also show swelling of the baby's stomach and part of the duodenum.An abdominal x-ray may show air in the stomach and first part of duodenum, with no air beyond that. This is known as the double-bubble sign.TreatmentA tube is placed to decompress the stomach. Dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities are corrected by providing fluids through an intravenous tube. An evaluation for other congenital anomalies should be performed.Surgery to correct the duodenal blockage is necessary, but is not an emergency. The surgical approach will depend on the nature of the abnormality. Associated problems (such as those related to Down syndrome) must be treated as appropriate.Expectations (prognosis)Recovery from the duodenal atresia is expected after treatment. Untreated, the condition is deadly.ComplicationsOther birth defectsDehydrationAfter surgery, there may be late complications such as:Swelling of the first part of the small bowel (megaduodenum)Problems with movement through the intestinesGastroesophageal refluxCalling your health care providerCall your health care provider if your newborn is feeding poorly or not at all, vomiting (not simply spitting up), not urinating or stooling, or if the vomit is green.PreventionThere is no known prevention.ReferencesWyllie R. Intestinal atresia, stenosis, and malrotation. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 327.
people with down syndrome are often riddled with vision impairments...
No, not at all. I know a few people with Down syndrome, and none of them actually has ginger hair.
No. Someone with Down's syndrome could also happen to have epilepsy, but if they do it isn't always to do with the fact that they have Down's Syndrome. Some people with Down's Syndrome will have or develop Epilepsy, but there is no guarantee that because someone has Down's Syndrome that they will also have Epilepsy.
down syndrome
It is actually extremely common for a baby to be screened for down syndrome while in the womb. While it is not always correct in its conclusion, a parent is told the possibility that their child may have down syndrom.
Disorders, such as Down's Syndrome, are caused by nondisjunction.
Down syndrome
Down syndrome is generally the preferred spelling, although Down's syndrome is sometimes used in American sources.
Most cases of down syndrome are not inherited. Translocation Down syndrome can be inherited.
Up or Down?The "D" of Down is always uppercase, i.e., capitalized - it's the name of the man who identified this specific syndrome. As to whether the word "syndrome" should be capitalized, there seems to be no final word on that. Various dictionaries and encyclopedias seem to have different styles.Answers.com goes for the option of spelling it like this: "Down syndrome."(See Related question.)
Down Syndrome Is In Your Brain.