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Why do some cells of the human pancreas have up to 100 times the amount of endoplasmic reticulum as other parts of the body?
The pancreas secretes the hormones insulin, glucagon, and somatastatin, and the digestive enzymes, lipase, protease, and amylase. Proteins that will be secreted by the cell are produced by the ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, cells that secrete proteins have a large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
What kind of endoplasmic reticulum are you likely to find in cells that line the stomach?
Cells that line the stomach will likely contain rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) because these cells produce and secrete digestive enzymes and mucus. The RER is responsible for protein synthesis and modification before they are transported to other parts of the cell or secreted.
Do rough endoplasmic reticulum secrete protein?
Yes, the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins. It has ribosomes attached to its surface that help in protein synthesis. Proteins made in the rough ER are then modified, folded, and transported to other parts of the cell or outside the cell.
What cell has a lot of rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Cells that are involved in protein synthesis, such as pancreas cells that produce insulin, have a large amount of rough endoplasmic retriculum. The rough ER is responsible for synthesizing and processing proteins before they are transported to their final destination within the cell or outside the cell.
What structure is responsible for synthesis of steroids?
The endoplasmic reticulum, specifically the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, is responsible for the synthesis of steroids in cells. This organelle contains enzymes necessary for the synthesis of cholesterol, the precursor to steroid hormones.
What organisms have a rough or smooth ER?
These two endoplasmic Reticulum functions are strictly internal to the Cell - all Organisms are comprised from Cells and the Cells composition is based upon the ongoing constructive activites of The Cellular Endoplasmin Reticulum - both Types.
What is the function of the SER in an animal cell?
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a type of endoplasmic reticulum. It is called so as it is a smooth network without ribosomes. In animals it is abundantly found in liver and gonad cells (male and female sex glands-testes and ovaries). It's main function is to synthesize lipids, phospholidpids and steroids in glands/organs that secrete them. It also carries out the metabolism of carbohydrates, drug detoxification, attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins, and steroid metabolism. It's also found in oil skin glands.
How are rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum different?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum secrete proteins that go outside the cell, and they have ribosomes attached to them. Smooth ER function in transport as well as detoxification.The cisternae (enclosed spaces in the membranes) of SER tend to be more tubular.
When glucose is needed by the cell which organelles secrete enzymes in order to begin glucose breakdown?
When glucose is needed by the cell, enzymes are secreted primarily by lysosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that can break down macromolecules, including glycogen, into glucose. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in synthesizing proteins, including enzymes that facilitate metabolic processes such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Together, these organelles play a crucial role in the mobilization and breakdown of glucose for cellular energy.
Why does the salivary gland have more rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Saliva contains many different kinds of proteins. The endoplasmic reticulum functions as a processing center for proteins. mRNA is translated to proteins on either free ribosomes or ribosomes bound to the ER, the polypeptide enters the ER where it is processed and folded correctly. It then exits and is packaged into vesicles by the Golgi apparatus. These vesicles are then released to the outside of the cell via the secretory pathway. Since the salivary gland must secrete more proteins than other cells, it makes sense that it would need more ER.
What regulatory substances does the kidney not secrete?
The kidney does not secrete insulin or glucagon, which are regulatory substances produced by the pancreas to control blood sugar levels. Additionally, the kidney does not secrete thyroid hormones, which are produced by the thyroid gland and regulate metabolism.
Cells in the Salivary glands and pancreas that secrete large amounts of proteins have a highly developed what?
Cells in the Salivary glands and pancreas that secrete large amounts of proteins have a highly developed rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The RER is responsible for the synthesis and packaging of proteins before they are secreted from the cell. This organelle is characterized by the presence of ribosomes on its surface, which are involved in protein synthesis.
