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"BTU rating" could mean specific energy (energy per mass) or energy density (energy per volume) which are not necessarily the same. Kerosene has a higher specific energy (~48.4 MJ/kg for kerosene vs. 43.1 MJ/kg for diesel) but a lower energy density (33.6 MJ/L for kerosene vs 38.6 MJ/L for diesel).

This analysis assumes jet fuel as kerosene and fuel oil as diesel (both comparisons are generally close to each other). Diesel and fuel oil differ in that diesel has a cetane number specification, which is a measure of ignition delay. Kerosene differs from jet fuel by a few specifications applied to specific types of jet fuel, but most jet fuel is kerosene based.

Note: since the question was asked about Btu and my answer was given in megajoules here is the proper conversion:

1 megajoule (MJ) = 947.81712 British Thermal Units (Btu)
1 US gallon = 3.7854118 Liters (L)

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Q: Does jet fuel have a higher btu rating than fuel oil?
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