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The space shuttle program began with the flight of the Space Shuttle Columbia on April 12, 1981.
A magnetic compass depends on Earth's magnetic field for orientation. In space, there is no magnetic field to interact with, so a magnetic compass would not be useful for navigation. Other orientation systems, like gyroscopes or star tracking sensors, are used instead in space.
The first shuttle, Columbia, was launched April 12, 1981. The last flight will be flown by Atlantis. It is scheduled for July 2011.
Atlantis was the space shuttle used on STS-38. However, this was the 37th actual flight of the shuttle system. The 38th flight was on mission STS-39, which was flown by the shuttle Discovery.
According to NASA's website it appears that the following schedule will be the last shuttle flight:Date: Mid-Nov. * 2010Mission: STS-134Launch Vehicle: Space Shuttle EndeavourLaunch Site: Kennedy Space Center - Launch Pad 39ALaunch Time: To Be DeterminedSTS-134 Description: Space shuttle Endeavour will deliver an EXPRESS Logistics Carrier-3 (ELC-3) and an Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) to the International Space Station.
A magnetic compass relies on Earth's magnetic field to indicate direction, which is absent in the vastness of space. In space, there are no magnetic field lines to align the compass needle, rendering it ineffective. Additionally, the microgravity environment can affect the compass's operation, further complicating its use beyond Earth's atmosphere.
Challenger
The average cost of a space shuttle mission is $450 million
The first space shuttle developed by NASA was the Space Shuttle Enterprise, which never flew in space and was used for atmospheric flight tests. The first space shuttle to reach space was the Space Shuttle Columbia, which launched on April 12, 1981.
The Space Shuttle Challenger exploded, 73 seconds into its flight, on 28-January-1986.
The first space shuttle that "flew" was the Enterprise, but it was not capable of space flight.The first orbital shuttle was Columbia.The next orbital shuttle was Challenger.
On April 12, 1981 the space shuttle Columbia was the first shuttle to orbit the Earth.