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What are the two most important structures involved in moving chromosomes during mitosis?
Centromeres and spindle fibers..Prophase: During cell division small structures called centromeres move to opposite ends of a cell.Prometaphase: These centromere structures produce spindle fibers that attach to the chromosomes' kinetochores (where the sister chromatids are joined together with bundles of proteins). Other spindle fibers attach to each other at the center.Metaphase: Tension is applied to the fibers, this causes the chromosomes to align along the center of the cell.Anaphase: The fibers pull the chromosomes apart and towards the centromeres at each end of the cell.Telophase: chromosomes arrive at ends and spindle fivers disappear.
During what phase of mitosis do centromeres divide and chrosmomes move toward their respective poles?
During anaphase, the centromeres divide, and the sister chromatids are pulled apart and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This is when the chromosomes separate and ensure that each new daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.
What holds together the sister chromatids during the cell cycle?
centromeres
Do plant cells have centromeres?
Yes, plant cells have centromeres. Centromeres are specific DNA sequences located on the chromosome where the kinetochore assembles during cell division to help in the separation of chromosomes. These structures are essential for the proper alignment and segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.
What structures are becoming visable as distinct bodies within the nucleus during prophase?
Chromosomes
What structures hold the sister chromatids together?
Sister chromatids are held together by a protein complex called cohesin, which forms a ring-like structure around the two chromatids. Cohesin binds to specific DNA sequences on the chromatids and helps in ensuring that they are properly aligned and segregated during cell division.
What two structures disappear during prophase?
During prophase, the nuclear membrane and the nucleolus dissolve and disappear.
The phase during mitosis in which DNA separates into pairs of chromosomes is?
The phase during mitosis in which DNA separates into pairs of chromosomes is called prophase. During prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible as distinct structures before the actual separation occurs during later stages of mitosis.
What is the DNA called during prophase?
During prophase, DNA is condensed and tightly coiled into structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes are made up of DNA and proteins and are visible under a microscope.
When do chromosomes condense and become thicker rod-like?
Chromosomes condense and become thicker rod-like structures during the prophase stage of cell division, specifically during prophase I of meiosis and prophase of mitosis. This condensation is necessary for the chromosomes to be visible under a microscope and for proper segregation during cell division.
When do the centromeres split and form the chromatids?
Centromeres split during cell division in the mitotic phase called anaphase. As the sister chromatids are pulled apart towards opposite poles of the cell, the centromeres divide, forming individual chromatids that will become separate chromosomes in the daughter cells.
Which phase do chromosomes first become visible?
Interphase as they become decondenced
