Electrons are subatomic particles. The are currently believed to be elementary particles, but that may just be because we haven't figured out how to break them open to look at the (it was once believed that atoms were the smallest particles, but we now know about quarks and other subatomic particles).
Electrons are also Fermions.
For example metals loss electrons and nonmetals gain electrons.
Lithium is an example of an element that has less than 8 electrons. It has 3 electrons in its outer shell.
No electrons or protons, which you can't have...
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For example when the electron absorb energy.
For example aluminium.
The flow of electrons or the existence of a static charge.
An example of an anion with the same number of electrons as Ne (neon) is F- (fluoride ion). Neon has 10 electrons, and fluoride ion also has 10 electrons, as it gains one electron to achieve a stable noble gas electron configuration.
Not all the anti aromatic compounds have the unpaired electrons, for example cycloocta tetraene
Fluorine is the element that has 7 valence electrons.
Atoms which form covalent bonds do share electrons. An example would be the atoms in a water molecule. Yes, the electrons are really shared.
Not necessarily, the number of protons in an atom are exactly the same as the electrons in an atom. For example, sodium has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. How many electrons does it have? 11.