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The Nuremburg Trials are believed to have established the principle that a soldier or officer cannot commit crimes against humanity and then claim that he was "just following orders". He is supposed to refuse such orders.

In reality, this only applies to nations who lose a war, and thus can be held accountable by the victors.

Eg. - There have as yet been no arrests, or trials, for the variety of American and allied officers and serviceman who have participated in violations of the Geneva Convention. Yet it is not seriously doubted that some have taken place.

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