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Reusablilty and bigger payloads and crews.
Yes, Sharon Lucid served as a Mission Specialist for space shuttle flight crews. She was selected by NASA in 1978 and went on to participate in five space shuttle missions with various roles including Mission Specialist and Payload Commander.
Up until today, they used the Shuttle. Since this was the last shuttle mission, they will need to use the Soyuz space capsules until NASA comes up with a replacement vehicle, which is not even on the drawing board.
Space Shuttle Endeavour was the final Space Shuttle built. It was built to replace Space Shuttle Challenger.
The first space shuttle developed by NASA was the Space Shuttle Enterprise, which never flew in space and was used for atmospheric flight tests. The first space shuttle to reach space was the Space Shuttle Columbia, which launched on April 12, 1981.
There were 5. Space Shuttle Columbia (destroyed in 2003), Space Shuttle Challenger (destroyed in 1886), Space Shuttle Discovery, Space Shuttle Atlantis, and Space Shuttle Endeavour.
The space shuttle went into space and studied outer space.
The name of the space shuttle was Challenger.
Of the first Space Shuttle; Enterprise. Of the first space worthy Space Shuttle; Columbia.
Space Shuttle.
Second space shuttle in space was Challenger, but second space shuttle ever was Enterprise, what was made for testing in atmosphere.
Space Shuttle Enterprise is in New York, Space Shuttle Discovery is in Virginia, Space Shuttle Atlantis is in Florida, and Space Shuttle Endeavour is in California.