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Mutations are the material upon which natural selection acts. Evolution is a two sided coin. One side is mutation; the other side is natural selection. Without mutation there is no significant variation. Mutations are, however, ubiquitous. Every organism is a mutant. Evolution can be summarized as the non random survival of randomly varying replicators.
Evolution is caused by adaptations (favorable traits) that sometimes come from mutations. Mutations happen by chance, and this is how chance plays a role in evolution.
evaluate the significance of mutations and repairof mutations to the evolution of sexual reproduction
The only thing that causes evolution is Mutations due to forced natural selection of desired alleles.
No
Genetic variation, which can lead to evoloution, and then potentially a new species.
Mutations are the material upon which natural selection acts. Evolution is a two sided coin. One side is mutation; the other side is natural selection. Without mutation there is no significant variation. Mutations are, however, ubiquitous. Every organism is a mutant. Evolution can be summarized as the non random survival of randomly varying replicators.
Evolution is caused by adaptations (favorable traits) that sometimes come from mutations. Mutations happen by chance, and this is how chance plays a role in evolution.
Use it or lose it. (If it's no longer functional, then any gene mutations that occur will not be weeded out.)
Most mutations that occur have a neutral effect, or none at all, so they would not affect evolution. Organisms with mutations that cause detrimental impact typically will not survive; therefore, they will not reproduce, and the mutation will not be passed on, so the species will not be affected overall. Beneficial mutations are typically the only mutations that will affect an organism's posterity and the evolution of its species, but good mutations are very rare. This is why most mutations have little effect on the evolution of a species.
Without beneficial mutations leading to beneficial variation there would be no natural selection on the individual organism, outside of sexual recombination, which would mean no change in allele frequency over time leading to no evolution. Fortunately, that is never the case in nature and mutations lead to variation and adaptive change in the organisms under selection pressure.
evaluate the significance of mutations and repairof mutations to the evolution of sexual reproduction
The only thing that causes evolution is Mutations due to forced natural selection of desired alleles.
Genetic mutation does not always lead to sterilization as you point out. This however is not the way evolution happens. Evolution occurs mainly through small adaptive changes over a long period of time that are not mutations. Evolution does not happen suddenly.
No
Usually mutations have deleterious effects to the organism, but occasionally there are beneficial mutations. Such mutations drive evolution.
Mutations that succeed [are beneficial] provide Evolution, so not at all.