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Both are refined from the same thing, Crude Oil. The difference is that gasoline (petrol) and diesel have different boiling points. Hydrocarbon molecules of different lengths have different properties and behaviors. For example, a chain with just one carbon atom in it (CH4) is the lightest chain, known as methane. Methane is a gas so light that it floats like helium. As the chains get longer, they get heavier. The chains from C7H16 through C11H24 are blended together and used for gasoline. All of them vaporize at temperatures below the boiling point of water. That's why if you spill gasoline on the ground it evaporates very quickly. Diesel will take allot longer to evaporate. Next is kerosene, in the C12 to C15 range, followed by diesel fuel and heavier fuel oils (like heating oil for houses). As the chains get longer the boiling point goes up. So diesel has a higher boing point that petrol. Diesel must be compressed to a higher extent before is explodes. That is why a diesel engine has no spark plugs to ignite the fuel. The ignition is accomplished by compressing the fuel. All of these different substances come from crude oil. The only difference between petrol and diesel is the length of the carbon chains.

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