yes it has always been a federal public
No,
Government type: federal republic
No, Brazil has been a republic since 1889.
The president of Brazil (officially the President of the Federative Republic of Brazil or simply the President of the Republic) is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the Brazilian Armed Forces. The presidential system was established in 1889, upon the proclamation of the republic in a military coup d'état against the Emperor Pedro II. Since then, Brazil had six constitutions, two dictatorships and three democratic periods. During these democratic periods, voting has always been compulsory.
Brazil is a federal constitutional republic. First, it is a democracy. There is universal suffrage and voting is mandatory (not optional like it is in the US). Brazil will inaugurate its first female president, Dilma Rousseff, on January 1, 2011. Second, Brazil has a federal form of government (just like the U.S.) with 26 states. Each state has its own state government, but they have tend to have much less power and independence from the federal government that U.S. states have. Last, Brazil's federal government is based on a detailed Constitution that was ratified in 1988 after the end of the dictatorship and has been amended over 50 times since then.
Since 1822
Yes And There Alwayz Has Been.
since 1960
Yes, Germany has a federal government. In fact, the official name of Germany is Bundesrepublik Deutschland, which means Federal Republic of Germany. When East and West Germany reunified after the fall of the Berlin Wall, officially what happened was the Federal Republic admitted six new states (the six states of the former East Germany) into the Federal Republic that had previously been only West Germany.
No. Most of the time it has been a Federal Republic since it became one shortly after its independence from Spain (independence: 1821. Republic: 1823).
Germany does not have a queen, neither does it have a king. It is a federal, parliamentary republic.
Until a better form of government is created, yes: a federal presidential representative republic has been what the Mexican people has wanted for the last 200 years (since 1823, when the Mexican Federation was founded).